Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Download English PDF, 1.3MB, PDF Download Chinese PDF, 1.11MB, PDF Download Poster, 638KB, PDF What Is GERD? Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a condition where stomach acid or contents flow upwards back to your oesophagus (also known as food pipe).GERD occurs when the muscles around the lower part of your oesophagus loosen occasionally, allowing stomach contents and acid to flow upwards. The acid reflux may irritate the lining of your oesophagus, causing it to become inflamed.Most people can manage the discomfort of GERD with lifestyle modifications and antacids. Signs & Symptoms Common OccurringHeartburnSour taste in mouthRegurgitation of foodLess CommonChest painDifficulty in swallowingSore throatRaspy (hoarse) voiceCough Risk FactorsObesityPregnancySmokingEating large meals or eating late at nightEating fatty or fried foodDrinking beverages such as alcohol, coffeeDiagnosisShort course of acid suppression treatment using proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) to reduce stomach acid production. PPI is a strong medication that blocks acid production24-hour pH monitoring of the oesophagus to confirm the occurrence of acid refluxGastroscopy (Upper Endoscopy) to examine the inside of your oesophagus and stomach Suggested Lifestyle Modifications 1) Lose weight if you are overweight 2) Avoid foods like coffee, chocolate, alcohol, peppermint, and fatty foods as they may worsen your symptoms 3) Stop Smoking 4) Avoid late meals. Lying down with a full stomach can make reflux worse. Have your meals at least two to three hours before bedtime