Nutrition: Dialysis Diet Download PDF, 704KB, PDF Understanding Diet and Kidney DiseaseWhen your kidneys fail, dialysis helps to:Remove waste productsKeep levels of electrolytes stableRemove excess fluidsThere are 2 forms of dialysis: Haemodialysis (HD) – done 2-3 times per weekPeritoneal dialysis (PD) – done dailyDuring dialysis, protein is lost. Therefore, a higher protein intake is required as compared to when you have not started on dialysis.What Happens When Your Kidneys Fail Potassium may build up in your bloodHigh blood potassium levels can cause irregular heart rhythm, which can cause your heart to stop beating. Dialysis only removes a fixed amount of potassium. If you are on HD, limit potassium intake because potassium builds up between dialysis treatments. If you are on PD, you do not need to limit potassium intake. Because PD is done daily, your body does not have as much potassium build up. Phosphate may build up in your bloodHigh blood phosphate levels can draw calcium out of your bones, making them weak and brittle. This can result in calcium deposits in your blood vessels, lungs, eyes and heart. If you are on dialysis, limit phosphate intake as dialysis can only remove a small amount of phosphate.Extra sodium and fluids may also build up. This causes swelling, difficulty breathing and increased blood pressure.Goals of Dietary Management√ To maintain a healthy weight and preserve muscle mass.√ To maintain blood pressure and keep levels of electrolytes stable.Basic Dietray GuidelinesProteinIt is important to have enough protein to build and repair tissues in the body.Everyone has different protein needs. Check with your dietitian how much protein you need to consume a day.Animal foods including meat, fish, eggs and dairy products are good sources of protein. Other sources of protein include beans, nuts, seeds, and tofu. PotassiumLimit potassium intake if you are on HD.Potassium is found in many foods, including fruits and vegetables. Choose low potassium options. Note: If low potassium fruits and vegetables are eaten in large amounts, potassium intake will also increase. Fruits VegetablesLow PotassiumHigh PotassiumLow PotassiumHigh PotassiumAppleBlueberriesGuavaPearWatermelonBananaHoneydewKiwiMangoRockmelonBean sprouts (Taugeh)CabbageCucumberFrench beanBroccoliFresh mushroomMost leafy and root vegetables PhosphateLimit phosphate intake regardless of HD or PD.Limit intake of high phosphate foods and choose lower phosphate alternatives.High phosphate foods include fish with edible bones (sardines), anchovies (ikan billis), dried shrimps, organ meats, meat/fish bones, processed foods, malt-based drinks, cola-based soft drinks, chocolate and fish/prawn crackers (keropok).Sodium and FluidsLimit sodium intake regardless of HD or PD. Check with your doctor or dietitian regarding your daily fluid allowance.Sodium is found naturally in foods, but most of the sodium in our diet come from seasonings, e.g. salt and soy sauce, and processed foods, e.g. canned meat and instant noodles.Fluids include all beverages and foods that are liquid at room temperature, e.g. yoghurt, ice cream, puddings and jellies.Things to RememberYou will lose protein during dialysis. Therefore, you will need a higher protein intake to compensate this loss.Limit potassium intake if you are on HD.Limit phosphate intake regardless of HD or PD.Limit sodium intake regardless of HD or PD.Check with your doctor or dietitian regarding your daily fluid allowance.
